Rotary motor



July 27,1926.

. R. -L. BAILEY ROTARY MOTOR Filed Jan; 8. 1923' '5 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY.

July 27, 1926. r 1,594,035

I R. L. BAILEY ROTARY MOTOR Filed Jan. 8. 1923 3 Sheets-Shed 2 Tiq Z v INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY.

- R. L. BAILEY July 27 1926.

ROTARY MOTOR Filed Jan. 8. 1923 S Sheets-Sheet 5 (13mg. By p A TTORNEY.

Patented July 27, 1926.

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT L. BAILEY, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB or SEVEN-TENTHS 'ro aus'rm r. nuamcx AND ONE-TEN'I'H JAY w. SLAUGHTER, BOTH or LANSING, MICHI- ROTARY MOTOR.

Application filed January 8, 1923. Serial No. 611,299.

My invention relates to motors of the rotary type and its purposes are to make a device that shall be as nearly as possible perfectly balanced, capable of running at a very high speed and free from excessive friction.

I attain these purposes by the means shown in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my device, the front cover being removed to show the internal mechanism. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of one form of my device along the line 1-1 of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and 4 are details showing modified constructions, and will be more fully explained hereafter.

While I have shown and described my invention as applied to a vapor motor of the explosive type, I wish it to be understood that it may be used also as a steam engine or as a pump without departing from my invention. This will be readily evident from the method of its operation as hereafter explained.

My device consists primarily of an outer rotor 1 which is substantially in the shape on a fixed axis 2 on suitable bearings 3, 4, 5, and 6. The operation of the bearings 4 and 5 will be more fully explained hereafter. An internal rotor 7 is mounted to revolve on a fixed axis 8 eccentrically positioned with reference to the axis 2 of the outer rotor. The rotor 7 revolves on a suitable bearing 9. By this construction, as appears from the drawings, the internal rotor revolves inside of the external, but nearer to oneside than to the other, forming by this means, an expansion space which will be more fully explained hereafter, in connection with the operation. The internal and external rotors revolve synchronously. This effect may be produced in various ways without departing from my invention. In the method I have shown, circular recesses 10- are formedin the rotor 7 and pins 11 are inserted in the ring 15 of the external rotor in such position as to engage with the internal circumferences of the recesses 10. By this means the in-' ternal and external rotors are compelled to revolve together but each is permitted to reof the recesses 10 is equal to the sum of the distances between the axes of the two rotors and the radius of the pins 11.' In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, slots 13 are formed 'of a hollow cylinder. This cylinder revolves volve freely about its own axis. The radius in the rotor of a depth sufiicient to receive the vanes 14 and permit the necessary play of those vanes as will be more fully explained hereafter. .When used in a four stroke cycle gas engine of the explosive type asshown in the drawings, the vanes may be any odd number. A projecting ring 15 is formed on the interior surface of the cover 12. This ring is provided with as many plane faces as the number of vanes 14, and the inner edge of each of the vanes 14 is continuously in contact with the corresponding plane surface of the ring 15. Correlated plane surfaces 16 are formed on the internal surface of the external rotor and the outside edge of each of the vanes 14 is in continuous enga ement with its corresponding surface 16. y this means the space between the in ternal and external rotors is divided into as many non-communicating. chambers as there are vanes. A valve disk 17 is mounted be tween the internal rotor and the rear cover 18- of the external rotor. This revolves on the. bearings 4 and 6 andis thus concentric with the external rotor. These bearings thus serve a double purpose, serving as bearings both for the external rotor and the valve disk 17. The valve disk is provided with a plurality of inlet ports 19 and exhaust ports 20. When used, as shown, as an explosive gas engine of the four-stroke cycle type, the number-of each kind of ports will be onehalf of one more than the number of the vanes 14; thus, in the drawings, there are nine of these vanes and five inlet and exhaust ports. In the modification shown in Fig. 4, the inlet and exhaust ports inthe disk 17 are combined into one, but the action is precisely the same. For reasons that will be more fully explained hereafter, each of the ports 19 and 20 is divided by partitions 21 so that in every case the openings 22 will be narrower than the thickness of the vanes 14. The disk 17 is driven from the external rotor 1 by a system of gears 23, 24, 25, and 26, revolving, two about the shaft2 and the other two about a stationary stud 27- attached to the frame 28 of the engine. The ratio between the various gears constituting this system is such that, while the disk 17 is making a number of complete revolutions equal to the number of vanes 14, the rotors 1 and 7 willhave made one more revolution than that number.v For example, in the com struction, as shown by .the drawin s, when the disk 17 has made nine revolutions, the

rotors 1 and 7 will have made ten, the ratio each revolution of the disk. An inlet port 32 is formed in the rear end 18 of the exter: nal rotor in each of the chambers formed by the vanes 14. Gasis supplied to the in-' let port 32 by passages 29 formed in the end 18. These ports are indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. Leakage of gas around the disk 17 is prevented by packing rings 33, and around the vanes 15, by packing segments 34 which extend between the vanes. The bearing 5 permits the necessary .relative motion between the disk 17 and the external rotor. Suitable packings 35 are provided to prevent leakage of air around the shaft 2. A spark plug 36 of any approved type is provided for each of the chambersformed by the vanes 14. These spark lugs are connected by suitable wiring to a istributor 37, that revolves with the rotor. I am aware that this distributor is not new, and it forms no part of my invention. The front end of the device is supported by a shaft 39 which passes through a vbearing 38 and from which power is transmitted. The device is oiled by a tube 40 which extends through the shaft 2 into the cavity between the internal and external rotors and is supplied with oil by any suitable means. As already stated, I have shown and described the method of providing for the radial motion of the vanes 14 by mounting them in slots 13 in the internal rotor. I, at present, consider this to be preferable but any other method of producing the same effect may be employed without departing from my invention. For example, the vanes 14 may be hinged to the outer rotor as in Fig. 4 and slide between packing strips 41 or that arrangement may be reversed as shown in Fig. 3, it only being essential to my inventionthat the vanes 14 shall at all times prevent any communication or leakage whatever from one chamber to the other.

For convenience in describing the operation of the device, I have marked the chambers A, B, O, D, E, F, G, H, and J. Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings. the chamber B is now just at the point when the intake port 32 will start to open. It will be noted that the exhaust port 20 in the valve disk 17 has just passed beyond the exhaust port 31 in the end 18 and the inlet port 19 15- just entering in the inlet port 32 in that chamber. The motion is the directionindicated by the arrow. As the chamber B continues to move about the circle, when it has advanced 80, it will reach the position shown at D and the ports will then have the relation to each other shown in that chamber, namely, the two inlet ports will be nearly fully re istered. This effectis brought aboutby the gain of the rotors on the disk which has been already described. This produces an additional effect which will be referred to further on. As it continues to revolve to160, the ports reach the condition shown in chamber F. It will be noted that the inlet ports on the disk and end are separating from each other; the exhaust port, however, still remaining closed. As it passes onward to 240, the condition will then be as shown at H. In this position .both exhaust and inlet ports are closed. This is more clearly shown in this chamber by breaking away a portion of the disk 17 to show the relative condition of the ports in the rear end 18. As the revolution still continues to 320, the ports reach the position shown at A in this chamher. It will be noted that no port in the disk 17 is now in this'chamber. The inlet and exhaust ports are both closed and the compression is approximately complete. This is chosen as the firing point to allow for the spark advance, well known to be necessary in engines of this type. As the revolution still continues to 400 or,40 on the second revolution, the position C is reached, the expansion has taken place and there is still no port in the chamber, thus,

through all of the intense heat formed by the explosion and the high pressure caused by the pressure and compression of the gases combined, no port will be in a situation to be injured. It will be noted also that owing to the axes of the two rotors not coinciding with each other, the chamber is now increasing in size, therefore giving opportunity for expansion of the gases, and acting on the two axes to produce the rotation, the effect being identically the same as with the action of a crank ofthe same length as the distance between the two axes. As the revolution continues to 120 of the second revolution, the condition in chamber E is reached. the expansion has still continued and both ports are still closed, but the exhaust port 20 in this chamber is approaching the exhaust port 31 in the end. As the revolution continues to 200 of the second revolution, the exhaust port in the end 18 has overtaken the exhaust port in the disk and the exhaust has commenced. The condition in this chamber also illustrates the importance of the partitions 21 since the partitions 21 in the inlet port 19 now act to prevent the passage of gases from chamber G to chamber H. The same thing is true with the exhaust ports between cham hers .E and F Whenthe revolution has continued to 280, the condition shown at chamber J is reached. The exhaust is still continuing, but the exhaust port in the end is beginning to pass beyond the exhaust port in the disk and the port is, therefore, closing. When the revolution has continued to 360 of the second revolution, theports are again in their original position and ready to start on a second cycle. I referred above to an additional effect which was produced by the fact that the axes of the two rotors are not concentric. As the rotors revolve, the vanes 14 are at all times substantially radial to the inner rotor. Therefore, during the first quarter of the revolution starting from the point B, they would be rising with reference to the exterior rotor and the outer edge of the vanes 14 would be moving along the plane surface 16 of the chamber in which the vane is located until at 90 the vane would reach its highest point. iVhen 180 is reached, the centers are again in line and the position of the vane with reference to the exterior rotor is precisely the same as it was at the beginning of the revolution. As the-revolution continues, when 270 is reached, the vane has moved along its plane surface to the farthest point in the opposite direction and is beginning to return, and

when the revolution -is completed, again reaches the original position. Theefiect of this action during the first quarter of the revolution during the intake stroke is to slightly retard the increase of the chamber in capacity, while the valve is slightly opened and during the second quarter of this stroke the opposite-efi'ect is produced.

the vane with reference to the radius of the internal rotor. I

It does not seem necessary to describe the action of the recesses 10 and pins 11 at any considerable length. It is evident that, as the rotors revolve, the effect of the distance between the radii of the two rotors is continually keeping the pins 11 pressed against the internal surface of the recesses 10. The rotors will, therefore, be held continually in the same relation to each other while each chamber will move about the axisof the exterior rotor.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1., In combination, in a device of the character described, an external rotor; an in ternal rotor mounted within saidexternal rotor on an axis non-concentric with that of sand external rotor and operatively connected to said external rotor so as to revolve synchronously therewith and in the same direction; a plurality of vanes movably mounted in one of said rotors and movably engaged with the other so as to divide the space be tween said rotors into a plurality of noncommunicating chambers, and a valve disk mounted between said rotors and so connected thereto as to revolve in the same direction with an angular velocity bearing a predetermined ratio to that of said rotors.

2. In combination, in a device of I the character described, an external. rotor; an internal rotor mounted within said external rotor on an .axis non-concentric with that of said external rotor and operatively connected to said external rotor so as to revolve synchronously therewith and in the same direction; a plurality of vanes movably mounted in one of said rotors and movably engaged with the other so as to divide the space between said rotors into a plurality of noncommunicating chambers, and a; valve disk mounted between said rotors and operatively connected thereto as to revolve in the,

same direction at suchan angular velocity as that said. external rotor will gain upon said disk a distance equal to one of said chambers in a complete revolution of said disk.

3. In combination, in a device of the clfaracter described, an external rotor; an in ternal. rotor mounted within said external rotor on an axis non-concentric with that of said external rotor and operatively connected to said external rotor so as to revolve synchronously therewith and in the same direction; a plurality of vanes movably mounted in one of said rotors and movably engaged with the other so as to divide the space between said rotors into a plurality of noncommunicating chambers, and a valve disk mounted between said rotors and' operatively connected thereto so. as to revolve in the same direction with an angular velocity bearing a predetermined ratio to that of said rotors and provided with a plurality of ports adapted to co-act with corresponding ports in said exterior rotor.

4. In combination, in a device of the character described, an external rotor; an internal rotor mounted within said external rotor on an axis non-concentric with that of said external rotor and operatively connected to said-external rotor so as to revolve synchronously therewith and in the same direction; aplurality of vanes movably mounted in one of said rotors and movably the same direction withan angular velocity bearing a predetermined ratio to that of said rotors and provided with a plurality of subdivided ports adapted to co-act with corresponding ports in said exterior rotor.

5. In combination, in a device of the character described, an external rotor; an internal rotor mounted within said external rotor on an axis non-concentric with that of said external rotor and operatively connected to said external rotor so as to revolve syn? chronously therewith andin the same direction; a plurality of vanes niovably mounted in one of said rotors and movably engaged with the other so as to divide the space between said rotors into a plurality ofnoncommunicating chambers, and a valve disk mounted between said rotors and operatively connected thereto as to revolve 'in the same direction at such an angular velocity as that said external rotor will gain upon said disk a distance equal to one of said chambers in a complete revolution of said disk and provided with a plurality of ports adapted to co-act with corresponding ports in said exterior rotor.

6. In combination, in a device of the character described, an external rotor; an internal rotor mounted within said external rotor on an axis non-concentric with that of saidexternal rotor and operatively connected to said external rotor so as to revolve synchronously therewith and in the same direction; a plurality of vanes movably mounted in one of said rotors and movably engaged with the other so as to divide the space between said rotors into a pluralia ty of non-communicating chambers, and a valve disk mounted between said rotors and operatively connected thereto as to revolve in the same direction at such an angular velocity as that said external rotor will gain upon said disk a distance equal to one of said chambers in a complete revolution of said disk and provided with a plurality of subdivided ports adapted to co-act with corresponding orts in said exterior rotor.

7. In com ination, in a device of the char acter described, an external rotor; an internal rotor mounted within said external rotor on an axis non-concentric with that of said external rotor and operatlvely connected to said external rotor so as to revolve synchronously therewith and in the same direction; a plurality of vanes movably mounted in one of said rotors and movably engaged with the other so as to divide the space between said rotors into a lurality of non-communicating chambers, an a valvedisk mounted between said rotors and operatively connected thereto as to revolve in the same direction at such an angular velocity as that said external rotor will gain upon said disk a distance equal to one of said chambers in a complete revolution of said disk and provided with a plurality of subdivided ports adapted toco-act with corresponding ports in said exterior rotor, and means for preventing leakage from one chamber to another.

8. The combination with an internal com-- bustion engine provided with a plurality of combustion chambers and adapted to revolve about a shaft, each of said combustion cham-- bers being provided with a port, of a valve for said engine also mounted to revolve bustion engine provided with a plurality of combustion chambers and adapted to revolve about a shaft, each of said combustion chambers being provided with a port, of a valve for said engine also mounted to revolve about said shaft, and connected to said engine so as to revolve in'the same direction as said engine with an angular velocity bearing a fixed ratio to the angular velocity of said engine.

10. The combination with an internal combustion engine provided with a plurality of combustion chambers and adapted to revolve about a shaft, each of said combustion chambers being provided with a port, of a valve for said engine, provided with an inlet and an exhaust port, and also mounted to revolve about said shaft, and connected to said engine so as to revolve in the same direction as said engine with an angular ve- 11. The combinaion with an internal c0m-' bustion engine provided with a plurality of combustion chambers and adapted to revolve about a shaft,,each of said combustion chambers being provided with a port, of a valve for said engine, provided with a plurality of inlet and exhaust orts, and also mounted to revolve about said shaft, and connected to said engine so as to revolve in the same direction as said en ine with an angular velocity bearing a xed ratio to the angular veloci of said engine.

12 he combination with an internal com bustlon engine provided with a plurality of combustion chambers and adapted to revolve about a shaft, each of said combustion chambers being provided with a .port, of a valve for said engine, rovided with a plurality of inlet and ex aust ports, the number of said inlet and exhaust orts bearing a fixed ratio to the number 0 said combustion chambers, said valve being also 13. The combustion with an internal comfixed ratio to the number of said combustion l0 ibustion engine provided with a plurality of chambers, said valve being also mounted-to combustion chambers and adapted to-revolve revolve about said shaft, and connected to about a shaft, each of said combustion chamsaid engine so as to revolve in the same di- 5 here being provided with a port, of a valve reotion as said engine with an angular vefor said. engine, provided with a plurality of locity bearing a fixed ratio to the angular inlet and exhaust ports, adapted to co-act velocity of said engine. with said first mentioned ports, the number of said inlet and exhaust ports bearing a ROBERT L. BAILEY. 

